The Historic Charms of Portsmouth: Exploring England's Naval Heritage

The Historic City of Portsmouth

Portsmouth owes its significance to its magnificent natural harbor, which has served as the principal base of the Royal Navy since the days of the Spanish Armada. Today, Her Majesty's Naval Base Portsmouth (HMNB Portsmouth) remains the most important naval station in Great Britain.

1. HMS Victory

Located a short distance north of the landing stage for ferries to the Isle of Wight, in Portsmouth Historic Dockyard, visitors can find the gateway to the old docks and the site of Lord Nelson's famous flagship. Built in 1765, the magnificent HMS Victory, with its five decks and 104 cannons, has been beautifully restored to its former glory.

2. Mary Rose Museum

The famed Mary Rose, the heart of Henry VIII's fleet, is a ship of great historical interest. This four-deck vessel, with its 91 bronze cannons, was built in 1509 and enlarged to 700 tons in 1536. In 1545, during a sea battle against the French, it sank just a mile and a quarter from its homeport in the Solent.

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3. HMS Warrior

In June 1987, after eight years of restoration work in Hull, HMS Warrior finally returned to its home port of Portsmouth. Launched in 1860 and one of the world's first iron-hulled warships, this 418-foot long, 9,700-ton vessel ranked as one of the biggest and best-equipped ships of its time.

4. Emirates Spinnaker Tower

Soaring nearly 560 feet (170 meters) above the Solent, the Emirates Spinnaker Tower is a highlight of any visit to Portsmouth. Located on the waterfront at Gunwharf Quays, this popular tourist attraction offers wonderful panoramic views of the city and its spectacular harbor, as well as the South Coast and the Isle of Wight.

5. Royal Navy Submarine Museum

Just across the water from Portsmouth, in Gosport, is the Royal Navy Submarine Museum. Highlights include Britain's first submarine Holland I, launched in 1901, along with HMS Alliance, launched just after the close of World War I.

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6. Round and Square Towers

The Round Tower (1418) and the Square Tower (1494) have for centuries guarded the entrance to Portsmouth Harbor. The Square Tower was originally the residence of the military governor and is today used for functions, weddings, indoor markets, and concerts.

7. Portsmouth Cathedral

The foundation stone of Portsmouth Cathedral, formerly known as the Cathedral Church of St. Thomas of Canterbury, was laid in 1185. The Chancellor and Transepts date from Norman times, while the choir is in the late style of Sir Christopher Wren. A highlight is the south side aisle of the choir, dedicated to the Royal Navy and including mementos of the Mary Rose and Nelson's HMS Victory.

8. Charles Dickens Birthplace Museum

The Charles Dickens Birthplace Museum consists of the house where the great novelist was born in 1812, as well as many fine examples of Regency furniture that once belonged to his family. Among the memorabilia are manuscripts, copies of his novels, and his deathbed brought here from his home in Gad's Hill Place, Kent.

9. Portsmouth City Museum and Art Gallery

The twin-turreted and strangely attractive Victorian-era Portsmouth City Museum and Art Gallery is worth visiting for its extensive collections of art and craftwork. Another big draw is the museum's large collection of material related to Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of the hugely popular Sherlock Holmes character.

10. The D-Day Story

The excellent D-Day Story in Southsea houses numerous fascinating displays relating to the Allied invasion of France's Normandy coastline in 1944. Highlights include weaponry and vehicles used during the invasion, along with immersive displays that include the sights and sounds of the battle and the long preparation leading up to it.

With its rich naval history, historic landmarks, and cultural attractions, Portsmouth offers visitors a unique and fascinating experience. Whether exploring the famous warships, enjoying panoramic views from the Spinnaker Tower, or delving into the city's literary heritage at the Charles Dickens Birthplace Museum, there is something for everyone in this historic city.

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